Voice Over Internet Protocol (VoIP) is the technology that facilitates verbal conversations and other forms of communication over the internet. It is the method by which analog audio signals are digitized and sent across a network, enabling one to have a telephone conversation without using a traditional phone line. Some have suggested that Voice Over IP is revolutionizing the way we communicate, and will eventually replace the traditional phone system entirely. Numerous large corporations already use this protocol, as it possesses many advantages. Plus, personal VoIP devices and VoIP software applications are quickly increasing in popularity.
Unlike traditional phone communication, Voice Over IP does not use a circuit switching system to transmit data. Instead, it operates using packet switching, a method of opening a short connection and sending chunks of information at a time, from one system to another. The steps involved in initiating this communication include signaling and opening a channel, digitizing the voice signal, packetizing the information, and transferring it across the internet or a private network to the receiver. Often the data is compressed for efficient use of bandwidth and encoded for safe transmission.
One of the main advantages of using Voice over IP is the cost. This technology has provided individuals with a way to bypass some of the charges that are associated with phone use and long distance calling. Popular VoIP applications on the internet such as Skype and Google Talk have made it possible to verbally communicate across the world with little to no expense. In addition, many large companies use VoIP technology to efficiently facilitate conference calls and bridge a line of communication between multiple telephones and computers. This protocol lowers the infrastructure costs of operating a business and sometimes offers advanced features for mass communication. Plus, it provides flexibility to users, with multiple VoIP devices and forms of service.
Microphones and speakers make computer to computer communication possible with VoIP. Plus, providers such as AT&T and Vonage offer an ATA (analog telephone adapter) that simply connects your computer to your home or office telephone. In addition, there are specialized IP hand sets that look just like normal phones with internet capabilities, as well as applications that allow smart phones to communicate using VoIP. Presently, cell phones that have been specifically designed for Voice Over IP are emerging, with dual-mode technology that uses VoIP when WiFi is available, and regular cellular radio when it is not. These phones are able to efficiently transitions between protocols automatically and seamlessly, while the connection is maintained.
One of the main drawbacks of using Voice Over IP to communicate is that the quality of service can be compromised during a slow internet connection. Also, because conversations transpire across a computer network, they may be vulnerable to breaches in security. However, as technology continues to advance, VoIP may likely become a primary means for communication.
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